Aviation & Asset Finance
Ukrainian airspace has been closed to civil traffic since 24 February 2022. Which instrument actually closes it, how long it runs and where to look when it changes: EASA bulletin…
11 August 2026 Anna Tsirat Aviation & Asset Finance
Contract Structuring
Five works on franchising by Anna Tsirat: a three-hundred-page handbook from 2002, a drafting manual from 2012, and three Ukraine chapters written for international publications. What each one is for…
11 August 2026 Anna Tsirat Contract Structuring
Dispute Resolution
Since 1 August 2026 the 1980 Hague Convention on International Access to Justice binds Ukraine. Ukrainian nationals and residents can claim legal aid in 28 contracting states on local terms,…
6 August 2026 Gennadii Tsirat Dispute Resolution
Aviation & Asset Finance
The Montreal Convention 1999 has applied in Ukraine since 6 May 2009. From 28 December 2024 the liability limits rose by 17.9% — 151,880 SDR for death or injury. Current…
6 August 2026 Anna Tsirat Aviation & Asset Finance
Aviation & Asset Finance
On 8 July 2026 Ukraine's Cabinet approved the aviation strategy to 2030. Three redactions laid side by side: Cape Town gone for good, a national carrier arriving at signature, institutional…
21 July 2026 Anna Tsirat Aviation & Asset Finance
Dispute Resolution
Ukrainian courts reduce contractual penalties under Article 551(3) by 50–90%. A practitioner's guide to the Supreme Court criteria, when reduction fails, why liquidated-damages boilerplate does not translate, whether parties can…
20 July 2026 Anna Tsirat Dispute Resolution